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yeah everybody knows people watching judge joe brown, judge judy, maury, martha stewart, soap operas, and all them shows are either housewives or unemployed people. that shit only comes on during working hours. that's why they show all them Everest College "think about your future" commercials and those trade school commercials. and those get rich quick schemes.

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STEP 4- now i take the empty toilet paper roll and put my penis inside of it. sitting carefully on to the nest, i place my cardboard protected penis onto the edge of the bowl, making sure there is absolutely no penis to toilet contact. i get comfy. maybe light up a cigarette. take a deep breath...

 

 

HAHAHAHA

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FEATURE

 

Did the Chilean Quake Shift Earth's Axis?

03.11.2010

 

 

 

March 11, 2010: Pictures of widespread devastation leave no doubt: Last month's 8.8 magnitude earthquake in coastal Chile was strong. How strong? NASA scientists say it might have shifted the axis of Earth itself.

 

"If our calculations are correct, the quake moved Earth's figure axis by about 3 inches (8 cm)," says geophysicist Richard Gross of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

 

Right: A USGS map of the Chilean quake. [more]

 

You might think you would have noticed the Earth suddenly tilting 3 inches. But that's not how the "figure axis" works. "The figure axis defines not how Earth is tilted, but rather how it is balanced," says Gross.

 

Consider the following:

 

Earth is not a perfect sphere. Continents and oceans are distributed unevenly around the planet. There's more land in the north, more water in the south, a great ocean in the west, and so on. As a result of these asymmetries, Earth slowly wobbles as it spins. The figure axis is Earth's axis of mass balance, and the spin axis wobbles around it.

 

"The Chilean quake shifted enough material to change the mass balance of our entire planet," Gross says.

 

 

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A shifting figure axis is nothing new. On its own, the figure axis moves about 10 centimeters per year as a result of "Ice Age rebound." After the last great glacial period some 11,000 years ago, many heavy ice sheets disappeared. This unloaded the crust and mantle of the Earth, allowing the planet to relax or "rebound" back into a more spherical shape. The rebounding process is still underway and so the figure axis naturally moves.

 

On Feb. 27, 2010, the Chilean quake may have moved the figure axis as much in a matter of minutes as it normally moves in a whole year. It was a truly seismic shift—no pun intended.

 

So far, however, it's all calculation and speculation. "We haven't actually measured the shift," says Gross. "But I intend to give it a try."

 

The key is GPS1. "Using a global network of GPS receivers, we can monitor the rotation of Earth with high precision," he says. "Changes in Earth's spin and the orientation of Earth's axes affect [the phase and timing of] signals we get from the satellites in Earth orbit."

 

GPS is already used to monitor seasonal changes in Earth's spin. It turns out that tides, winds, ocean currents, and circulation patterns in Earth's molten core modulate Earth's rotation on a regular basis. For instance, a typical day in January is about 1 millisecond longer than a typical day in June. The roughly six-month variation is driven mainly by seasonal winds; there are also changes on time scales of weeks, years, decades and centuries.

 

see caption

 

Above: Observed changes in Earth's length of day caused by tides, winds, ocean currents and other factors. From Treatise on Geophysics, 2007, section 3.09, "Earth Rotation Variations--Long Period" by Richard Gross. [larger image]

 

Earthquakes throw a "spike" into GPS signals, which Gross believes he can find.

 

"I have to take the GPS Earth rotation measurements and subtract the effects of tides, winds and ocean currents," he explains. "Then the earthquake should stand out."

 

Recent news reports have focused on Earth's length of day, noting that the Chilean earthquake might have shortened days by as much as 1.26 microseconds out of 24 hours. That's true. But it's also negligible compared to the normal effect of wind and tides, which can lengthen or shorten days a thousand times more than earthquakes can.

 

see captionThe real news, as Gross sees it, is the possible shift in Earth's figure axis. He has a very "JPL perspective" on the issue: "The antennas we use to track spacecraft en route to Mars and elsewhere are located on Earth. If our tracking platform shifts, we need to know about it."

 

Right: The normal wobble of Earth's axis since Jan. 2009 as reported by the International Earth Rotation Service. The grid is scaled in milliarcseconds (mas); 1 mas = 1/3,600,000 deg. [larger image]

 

No one has ever measured a shift in Earth's axis due to an earthquake before. Back in 2004, Gross looked for a shift from the magnitude 9.1 earthquake in Sumatra, but failed to find a signal. The Sumatra quake was less effective in altering Earth's figure axis because of its location near the equator and the orientation of the underlying fault. The Chilean quake, albeit weaker, may have produced a bigger shift.

 

The stage is set for discovery. "Computing power is at an all-time high. Our models of tides, winds and ocean currents have never been better. And the orientation of the Chilean fault favors a stronger signal."

 

In a few months Gross hopes to have the answer. Stay tuned.

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While noise is by definition derived from a random signal, it can have different characteristic statistical properties corresponding to different mappings from a source of randomness to the concrete noise. Spectral density (power distribution in the frequency spectrum) is such a property, which can be used to distinguish different types of noise. This classification by spectral density is given "color" terminology, with different types named after different colors, and is common in different disciplines where noise is an important factor (like acoustics, electrical engineering, and physics). However, different fields may use the terminology with different degrees of specificity.

 

 

 

 

Green noise

"Green noise is supposedly the background noise of the world. A really long term power spectrum averaged over several outdoor sites. Rather like pink noise with a hump added around 500 Hz."[12]

The mid-frequency component of white noise, used in halftone dithering[13]

Bounded Brownian noise

 

 

Black noise

Black noise is also called silent noise.

Silence[2]

Noise with a 1/fβ spectrum, where β > 2 (Manfred Schroeder, "Fractals, chaos, power laws"). Used in modeling various environmental processes. Is said to be a characteristic of "natural and unnatural catastrophes like floods, droughts, bear markets, and various outrageous outages, such as those of electrical power." Further, "because of their black spectra, such disasters often come in clusters."[12]

Noise that has a frequency spectrum of predominantly zero power level over all frequencies except for a few narrow bands or spikes. Note: An example of black noise in a facsimile transmission system is the spectrum that might be obtained when scanning a black area in which there are a few random white spots. Thus, in the time domain, a few random pulses occur while scanning.[14]

"The output of an active noise control system which cancels an existing noise, leaving the local environment noise free. The comic book character Iron Man used to have a "black light beam" that could darken a room in this manner, and popular science fiction has a tendency to portray active noise control in this light."[12] The Batman Beyond supervillian Shriek also had a weapon like this, which effectively blocked out all noise.

"As seen in the sales literature for an ultrasonic vermin repeller, black noise with a power density that is constant for a finite frequency range above 20 kHz. More accurately, ultrasonic white noise. This black noise is like the so-called black light with frequencies too high to be sensed, but still capable of affecting the environment."[12]

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Beavers are busy.

 

This fact has been scientifically proven - and for most people this explains why beavers build dams. What else would a giant hyperactive stream dwelling aquatic rodent do to release all that busy- ness? But does this explain the beaver's odd behavior?

 

Otters, too, are busy, and they also live in streams, as do mink and muskrats and even some species of shrews and moles. Yet only beavers build dams. Fortunately there are people around who find this compulsive dam building behavior of beavers as troubling as I do and they decided to find out exactly why the beaver builds his dam.

 

Humans have always marveled at the beaver's ingenuity since he always picks the narrowest part of the stream for the site of his dam. This fact was always cited as proof of the beaver's intelligence and engineering skill. Yet even a modest acquaintance with beavers will soon reveal that they are far from cunning beasts. It was at this stage of the debate that a young grad student entered the scene and began to investigate.

Beaver Dam

Photo by Ruby Jung. All rights reserved

 

He noted that beavers living in ponds and lakes and along rivers never build dams - so this compulsive beaver barrier building business was not a result of their busy nature since non-dam building beavers found an outlet for their busy-ness in some way other than dam building. He therefore obtained several pairs of beavers (all with proven dam building track records), released them in different environments and then sat back and watched what they did.

 

Those released in ponds and large rivers burrowed into the bank, set up beaver housekeeping and then showed no more desire to construct anything beyond their holes. Those released along streams, however, found likely looking pools and then proceeded to deepen them by constructing dams at the narrow, shallow, downstream end. This set the investigator to thinking...

 

So he proceeded to a riffle (the shallow, high gradient part of the stream) and set up a tape recorder to tape the sound of the water rushing over the gravel and stones. He then set up speakers around known beaver haunts and at dusk turned the tape on.

 

Lo and behold when he returned the next morning he found the speakers buried under several feet of sticks, gravel and mud - thus effectively silencing the sound. The result was the same whether done along a beaver dammed stream, a large (and quiet) river or a lake or pond. The beavers always covered the speakers until they couldn't hear the sound of rushing water.

 

And the mystery was neatly solved! Based on experiments with both free living and captive beavers the researcher found that the sound of rushing water was as annoying to a beaver as the sound of fingernails on a blackboard is to humans. And that beavers will pile up sticks and mud in any spot they hear that sound until they can no longer hear it.

 

This explains in one go why beavers always pick the narrowest and most shallow section of stream to build their dams - it's because that's where the noise is. And they continue piling up sticks and mud in that spot until that annoying sound is silenced. In short, beavers build dams because they like peace and quiet.

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